Very FAQ Part 01
Section 3 -- VFAQ
Memory Timings Examined
Timings are usually listed something like 2-2-2-6-1 or 1-6-2-2-2. What the numbers stand for are
CAS-tRC-tRP-tRAS-CMD
- tRAS Active Precharge Delay, this is the delay between a command being received (from the memory controller) and firing up the RAS.
- tRP RAS Precharge. Memory is stored in a gridlike array and at the end of every row (memory is searched cell by cell), there is a delay associated with "moving to the next row".
- tRCD RAS to CAS Delay: memory is stored in a gridlike array and this latency represents the time that must pass between locating the row and then starting to look for the column.
- CAS. Column Acces Strobe, this number represents the number of cycles that must pass before the memory can locate the exact hex addresss of the memory cell required.
- CMD Command Rate is the delay time associated with locating which bank of memory to search through (this explains why having say, four DIMMs usually results in CMD-2T: a lot more virtual memory locations need to be searched through to translate to a physical location for further searching)
This page has a look at the advantages of tweaking each individual timing
64bit memory? Does this mean I need a 64bit processor?
Modern memory operates on a 64bit interface to the memory controller -- not neccesarily the CPU. So as long as your memory controller is a 64bit one (i.e.,. you have a motherboard featuring DIMM slots), you'll be fine.
Is CAS2.0 Really all that?
While CAS 2.0 is nice to have it doesnt present a world of performance change, often unnoticeable by end-users without the use of benchmarks and even then its usually a small change (and sure benchmarks are important ... but unless all you plan to do with the machine ever is to run benchmarks day and night....). From
Corsair we have a comment:
Corsair said:
So, the bottom line is, moving from CAS-3 to CAS-2 will offer a percentage performance increase in the low single digits for most applications. Programs which are known to be memory intensive (you gamers might know of some...) will see the best improvement.
Overclocking: Clockspeed or Timings?
Overclockers have seemingly always been given the option of low-latencies or high-clock speeds .... so between the two, which is better? In
my opinion, I'd favor the clockspeed -- provided the latencies arent stupidly high. Ironically, this also happens to be the approach taken by DDR2 as they are now closing in on DDR-level latencies but significantly improved clockspeeds). I think a fair general rule is
"If you are going for low-clocked memory, grab the tightest timing you can however if you're looking for higher clocked memory, dont stress the timings so much" Techware Labs has done a decent review of timings vs clock speed.
Contrary to what
Corsair says (below), with modern systems, it generally is a balancing act between low-latencies and high-bandwdith (in their defence, they made that statement several years before PC4400C25 ever came out)
Corsair said:
The other thing to keep in mind is that CAS-2 memory will run FASTER ( some review sites have taken it to 160MHz!) than CAS-3 memory. So, if you're thinking of overclocking your system (now or in the future), CAS-2 is your best bet for speed and stability.
See
Section 5 -- Addendum for a comparison of latencies vs clockspeed in actual time.
Budget Memory for Overclocks?
Unless you are hunting down extreme overclocks (at which point you wouldnt have to be reading this thread), then
dont discount value RAM. I've had some very nice overclocks with cheapo standard RAM and while it's not as easy, the bottom line is still the same as if I had bought pricey premium RAM.
What's Better: Brand X Product A or Brand Y Product B
Unless you're trying to do something like compare Corsair ValueSelect to OCz VX or something equally silly, the answer is "you probably wont notice the difference". One can argue that "benchmarks matter" ... and sure, let's go with that for a second: what to do? Logically to get the highest benchmark scores one would have to buy the best parts and OC the piss out of them. So far so good (assuming for sake of argument that money isnt an issue). Ok so we manage to find a review on "Brand X Product A" and it shows that it can overclock from 200Mhz to like 286MHz which (for the sake of the argument), is higher than everything else in that review. So we run out and buy this RAM, come home, install and try to overclock ... and surprise surprise we only get 252MHz....
The point is,
just because some review site managed to get a certain overclock and some benchmark number doesnt mean (a) everyone will nor does it mean (b) every single one of those products being reviewed will perform as the review found them to.
Can I install <typeX memory> with <typeY>?
The answer is generically "No" and applies to "DDR/SDR", "DDR2/DDR" and "Rambus/Non-Rambus". This rule applies whether you have two different types of memory slots on your motherboard or if you have a different type of memory than the slot. It also applies to mixing ECC/Registered memory with non-ECC/unbuffered memory.
Can I Run My Machine in Dual Channel?
Dual channel support is dictated by the chipset or in the case of some setups, the CPU
Intel
- E7500, E7501, E7505, E7205, E7525, E7520, E7320
- i875P, i865PE, i865P, i865GL, i865G, i915P, i915PL, i915G, i915GV, i910GL, 925XE, 925X, 945GZ, 945GT, 945PL, 945P, 945G, 946GZ, 946PL, 955X, Q963, P965, G965, Q965, 975X, all newer chipsets support dual channel.
- PT894Pro, PT894, PT880Pro, PT880, PM880
- SiS656, SiS655TX, SiS655FX, SiS655
- ATI Radeon Xpress 200, ATI Radeon 9100IGP, ATI Radeon 9100IGP Pro, ATI RX330
AMD
- KT880
- K8T890, K8T800Pro
- SiS756, SiS755FX,
- AMD-8131, AMD-8132, AMD-8151
- nForce
- nForce Professional 2050, nForce Professional 2200MCP
- nForce4SLI, nForce4Ultra, select nForce4 boards
- nForce3Ultra
- nForce2, nForce2 [MCP+IGP], nForce2 [MCP-T + SPP], nForce2Ultra400
- nForce 415
- ATI Radeon Xpress 200P, ATI Radeon Xpress 200
- No Socket754 Processor can run Dual Chanell. All Socket939, 940, AM2, AM2+ and AM3 processors can
Continue to Part 2...