If you're wanting to know how to develop Perfect Pitch, then the best way in my opinion is to learn to sing. After a while, you come to know your body and what you have to do with your voice box to produce a certain note, and when that's wired in it's easier to recognise other music.
If you just want to know when a Plagal Cadence has been used, or when a First Inversion of D major has been used, then I'm afraid that's a case of listening to music while reading the score, then studying the score and applying that to the music you've listened to. I learned to recreate any music I heard by playing it on the piano from ear, but that took a lot of training and practice. I don't know of any software that can help off the top of my head, but I'll have a think.
How extensive is your musical background? Because that could affect what you can expect to achieve in a certain amount of time.