No, in practice all the fan will do is pass air. To ionize air it has to pass through a high voltage to create negative ions. On saying that, in theory static is built up by 2 insulators rubbing together like plastic (fan blades) and air and then sparked off to a conductor if it's imbalanced. So if the air was very dry then the fan blade tips would look for somewhere to discharge but the air itself would not affect your components, only if the computer was in an explosive atmosphere.
Theoretically it all sounds feasible but in the real world it doesn't seem to happen