And the command "mount /dev/sdc" gives the error "wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc, missing codepage or helper program, or other error."
Also, lsblk -fs detects no file system on the drive.
"fsck" and/or a "badblocks -svn" on the drive that's getting placed on /dev/sdc just for the sake of it all. If you really do have a bad sector, block, or whatever.
Still having issues then.
"dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=512 count=1" (Change bs and count to whatever fits your drive and time restraints. [BS * Count]=Size)
Not sure but if you have a activity light on the driver see if anything is happening when cleaning out the partition tables.
Depending on your distro and/or how you installed Linux via the possible GUI installer you may need to get some packages for "fat" formats. You can also use something like gnome-disk-utility or gparted, but I'm doing everything via terminal.
"mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdc"
(Edit: FYI you can change formats here. I just went with fat since you're using Windows as well).
After that if it doesn't mount. Make a temp mounting point to mount the device to.
"mkdir /mnt/usb" (Change usb to whatever you want it to be named obviously).
"mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/usb"
If you still have no ability to mount it try using "partprobe /dev/sdc" to see if the system can see any partition changes.
All else fails then it could be a bad cable, interface between the drive and usb connection, or even the drive itself. At that point you could try taking it out of the enclosed casing if not under warranty. Otherwise you might want to get a replacement.