Which distribution should I use?
Linux comes in many flavours/distributions. Some Linux distributions serve a very specific purpose, others are more targetted at 'the general user.' Notice I didn't say 'desktop user.' While Linux is being used on the Desktop more and more you'll never find me equating it with Windows 9x through XP. If I had to make a comparison between Linux and Windows I'd compare it more to Windows 2000 Server or Windows 2003 server. Regardless of which Linux distribution/flavour you choose, you still normally have a lot of server functionality which can add a layer of complexity.
Okay, that was a mouthful.
Most (but not all) Linux flavours/distributions were originally based on one of the following distributions:
* Debian GNU/Linux
* Red Hat Linux
* Slackware
There are distributions that are not based on these (I believe Gentoo is not, the package manager with it is more like FreeBSD's ports system).
All three of the distributions noted above have a different method of installing software at the command-line level. Debian-based distributions use apt-get and dpkg, Red Hat-based distributions use yum and rpm, and slackware (last I remembered used source tarballs). Of course if you know a bit about programming and compiling source code, you can download programs and compile the source code for any distribution.
Again, a mouthful. Bear with me, it gets easier.
While Ubuntu Linux (Debian-based) has really gained popularity in the past few years I think Mandriva is a better choice for people who intend to run Linux on the same hard drive as their Windows XP OS. Mandriva has always come with a graphical partitioning tool that lets you graphically resize your hard drive to make space for Linux.
A word of warning! Make absolute sure that you defragment your Windows XP partition before you attempt to resize the partition. I also recommend backing up to an external hard drive. USB enclosures are pretty cheap.
If you want to run an Apache web server I've found that CentOS is a good choice.
On notebooks I have 3 recommendations: Ubuntu, SuSE, and Debian. On relatively modern notebooks Ubuntu and SuSE are pretty good choices. It's been my experience that installing wireless drivers tends to be easier on these systems (at least in the past). On older notebooks (Pentium I) I recommend Debian GNU/Linux simply because it doesn't have a lot of overhead and it's possible to install over a network using a boot floppy. That said, many people find Debian GNU/Linux generally more difficult to install than other Linux distributions.
Incidentally, if you're running a computer shop that recycles old computers I recommend The Working Centre Linux Project distribution
http://wclp.sourceforge.net/. This distribution was designed to provide a desktop (originally on 486 with 16MB RAM) for lower end systems. It completely takes over the hard drive without asking, so don't install it if you're planning on doing any kind of dual boot scenario. There are instructions for setting up a NFS file server and distributing Linux via the NFS file server and boot floppies in the administrator instructions. Of course, since I was one of the developers of this distribution I'm a bit biased. It's NOT a good choice if this is your first time installing Linux or if you intend to use your machine for anything other than Linux.
There are literally hundreds of Linux distributions! A good place to look and see if there's a distribution tailored to your tastes is Distrowatch at:
http://distrowatch.com/
At home I run Fedora Core 6 on my Lenovo 3000 C100 notebook. At work I run a SuSE Linux 10.1 file server that is connected to our Active Directory Server to allow for domain logins.
Cheers,
Charles