Partitioning and Formatting -- Straight out of the box, a hard drive's file system is "raw" which is unusable. In order to bring the drive to a useable state, it must first be partitioned and then those partitions need to be formatted. Partitioning refers to the process of subdividing the available space on a HDD into logical units (thus making c, d, e etc "drives"). Formatting refers to converting the file system from "raw" to format recognized by the operating system such as FAT, NTFS or EXT2