.....and the complicated answer?
Theoretically, it's very possible. The idea of software running on top of hardware in itself allows this. *HOWEVER* In practice, any halfway decent operating system/antivirus/recent piece of hardware won't allow any direct interfacing with the hardware without the user's consent. Most of them allow absolutely no control over certain hardware.
One example is disabling the failsafe on CPU's temperature probes. If a CPU gets to a high enough temperature, think 100C, then it automatically shuts the PC off to prevent damage. If this temperature went high enough, it would degrade the chip very quickly and essentially break the chip. However, on any chip manufactured after ~1999, this isn't even a possibility because the interface between the temperature failsafe and software was permanently disabled/removed.
Really, anything you can think of is theoretically possible from overvolting, undervolting, disabling fans, wrecking disk drives, etc... However, a *lot* of thought has been put into hardware design so that this simply cannot happen without exceptional circumstances.
So simple answer, no. Complicated answer, ehhh.... yeah? Answer that really matters unless you want to go into a field where you design hardware so it is not entirely software-controllable, no.