Well, really, about the same. They both run a newer version of android (if you are talking about a note 10 or galaxy tab 2 at least), which means same apps, etc. I like typing on a 7 inch tablet better then a phone, but perfer a phone to a 10 inch tablet.
My phone (Droid Razr) can do everything my tablet (Nexus 7) can do although the screen is smaller. I use the phone much more than the tablet simply because my phone is always with me, in my pocket.
Yes, the larger screen on the tablet makes typing on it easier but for any significant amount of typing an external Bluetooth keyboard would be better.