The BIOS queries the drive, and provides the user with a prompt, if the drive has been locked. You cannot issue any read/write commands to it before it has been unlocked. You cannot even read the mbr when it is locked.
I'm not sure we're on the same page now. Your first comment was about the bios being password protected, and by resetting the cmos, you would gain access. The ATA password has nothing to do with the bios, except that you need a way to send the password to the harddrive, and this is what the bios provides.
I'm not trying to confuse you with my technical prowess, but you did ask about it. I replied to what you said here: "it is controlled by the BIOS, not the hard disk"
And it is not controlled by the bios. Bios just puts up a prompt, nothing else. If you take out the drive, and install it as a slave on a running system, you could also send the password from within that OS.
"however the BIOS still controls the passwords" but it doesn't, that is the whole point. The only thing controlling the ata password is the hard drive. If the bios controlled the password, you could replace/reset the bios and gain access.
We might be on the same exact page, I just don't like that phrase very much.
To access data, you need to send commands to the drive's firmware, commands like READ and WRITE. The drive will just ignore all these commands when it is locked (no access to user data). To unlock the drive, you send it an UNLOCK command together with the password. If the password is correct, the drive will then begin to accept other commands.
thankful to everybody , i did all what everybody saw but i can't access windows
i questioned many people ,they talked what i questioned is pass HDD,it set password by hiren boot by software HDAT 2, who know aout it,please help me