Kind of... as an example, let's use Nvidia's lineup of video cards as a demonstration. They have the Geforce (gaming) stuff, and the Quadro (cad/rendering workstation) stuff. On their older cards (haven't checked the newer ones to confirm), some of their cards in the Geforce and the Quadro lineup are almost identical. But, performance in gaming and cad related work is vastly different. This is more due to the drivers that they provide more than anything. Not sure if that community is still there or not, but there was a group of guys that would hack the Quadro drivers and install them on Geforce cards and they'll get increased cad performance out of it. I wouldn't recommend going that route though.
That being said, the GeForce cards in Cad aren't bad... but they're not going to be as good as the Quadro stuff.